How to Prune a Japanese Maple

Japanese Maples are outstanding tree to own in the garden. They can be pruned into almost any shape imaginable. Pruning a Japanese maple is a delicate process that can improve the appearance and health of the tree. However, pruning a Japanese Maple can be daunting without proper knowledge.

If you are looking for a guide on how to prune a Japanese maple, you have come to the right place. In this guide, we will discuss the basics of pruning a Japanese maple tree. We will go over when and how to prune your tree, as well as what tools you will need. By following these simple steps, you can ensure that your Japanese maple remains healthy and beautiful for many years to come.

What is a Japanese maple tree and how do you identify it?

A Japanese maple tree is a deciduous tree that typically grows 15-25 feet tall. It has broad, palmate leaves with five to seven leaflets. The bark is smooth and gray, and the branches are often weeping. The flowers are small and green, and the fruit is a samara (winged nut).

You can easily identify them with their unique leaves. If you are unsure if a tree is a Japanese maple, consult with your local nursery or extension office.

When should you prune your Japanese maple?

Pruning should be done in late winter or early spring, before new growth begins. This will allow you to see the structure of the tree and make pruning decisions accordingly. It is important to note that pruning too early or too late can damage the tree.

However, you can prune your tree at any time of year if necessary. In general, it is best to prune away dead or diseased branches first, then thin out the canopy by removing crowded branches. You should also remove any crossing or rubbing branches.

Why should you prune your Japanese maple?

Pruning a Japanese maple is important for two reasons. First, it helps maintain the health and shape of the tree.

Second, it encourages new growth and flowering. By pruning your tree regularly, you can keep it looking its best year after year.

Finally, pruning makes the appearance of the tree more natural and less regimented.

Pruning your tree during its first and second year after planting is a good way to shape the young tree. Each year, prune back new branches that don’t follow the desired shape of the Japanese maple. These are branches that are growing straight up or out, rather than into their spot in the overall design of the tree.

What tools do you need to prune a Japanese maple?

You will need a few basic tools to properly prune your Japanese maple:

A hand saw
Lopping shears
Pole saw
Pruning gloves
Eye protection

What to consider before pruning your Japanese maple

Tree size

When pruning a Japanese maple, it is important to remember that you are working with a small tree. Do not try to prune too much off at one time. If the tree is large, consider hiring a professional arborist.

Condition of the tree

Before starting any pruning project, take a close look at the condition of the tree. Are there any dead or diseased branches? How healthy is the canopy? Pruning away damaged or unhealthy branches will help maintain the health of the tree.

Style of pruning

There are many styles of pruning a Japanese maple. Consider what type of shape you want your tree to be before beginning your project.

Location

Pruning a Japanese maple can be messy, so it is important to do it in an area where the mess will not matter. A driveway or sidewalk makes a good pruning location.

Tree growth

When pruning, be aware of how the tree will grow in response. Japanese maples are vigorous growers, so they will quickly fill in any space that is left open by pruning.

How do you prune a Japanese maple?

Pruning Japanese maples might sound daunting, but it’s actually a simple task. If you follow a few basic guidelines and know the proper timing for pruning your Japanese maple, this process can be easy to get right, each and every time.

Prune your Japanese maple in early spring before it starts growing, or late fall after it has stopped growing. Pruning in late winter is OK if you want to shape the tree.
Remove dead branches using a pair of loppers and pruning shears. Dead branches are usually dark brown and brittle, and they may have a layer of moss or fungi on them. If a branch is very large, use a pruning saw instead of loppers to remove it.
Trim back any branches that are too close together so there is enough room between them for sunlight to filter through the tree’s canopy. Do this by cutting back the smaller branch, leaving 1/4 to 1 inch of the branch collar intact. The collar is the swollen base of the branch where it meets the trunk or another branch. It looks like a donut around the trunk or branch that gives it unnecessary support once cut off with a pruner or saw blade.
Cut back any branches that are too dense by cutting at least one-third of the way into the branch with your pruners or saw blade, leaving at least two buds behind so new growth can grow out in its place next year.
Remove any branches that are growing in the wrong direction, or ones that are crossing other branches.
When cutting a branch, always cut it as close to the trunk or another branch as possible. This will help prevent infection and encourage new growth.
Remember to wear gloves when pruning your Japanese maple, and be sure to protect your eyes with eye protection.

Professional tips for pruning Japanese maple

The following are some guidelines for proper pruning:

Remove any suckers that grow from the base of the tree. These are shoots that come from beneath the ground and should be removed as soon as they appear so they don’t steal nutrients from more important branches and roots.
Remove all dead branches from the tree and any crossing branches that rub against each other or prevent air flow through the crown of the tree.
Pruning for size reduction or to control growth should be done right after flowering if you intend to keep your Japanese maple small. Prune in spring or early summer if you want to control the shape of the tree.
After its first two years, pruning helps maintain an attractive appearance and controls growth. To avoid stimulating excessive new growth and an increase in leaf size, prune in early summer or fall.
Do not prune in late summer or early fall as this can stimulate new growth that will not have time to harden before the first frost. This new growth is more susceptible to damage from cold weather and pests.
Pruning cuts should be made just above a bud, angled so that water runs off the cut and away from the bud. This helps prevent infection.
Make sure all of your tools are sharp and clean before using them on your Japanese maple tree. Dull blades can damage the tree, and dirty blades can spread disease.
When you’re finished pruning, clean up any debris around the base of the tree and apply a thin layer of mulch to help retain moisture and protect the roots from cold weather.

Frequently Asked Questions

How far back can you cut a Japanese maple?

You can cut a Japanese maple branch back to about one-third of its length without damaging the tree.

Can you prune a Japanese maple in the fall?

Yes, you can prune a Japanese maple in the fall after it has stopped growing for the season. This is also a good time to prune for size reduction or to control growth.

Can you prune a Japanese maple in the winter?

Yes, but only if you want to shape the tree. Pruning in late winter is OK if you are careful not to damage any new growth that has already started. It’s best to wait until early spring or late fall to prune your Japanese maple.

How often should I prune my Japanese maple?

You can prune your Japanese maple as often as you like, but it’s best to do it at least once a year. More frequent pruning will encourage more growth.

Can I use a power washer on my Japanese maple?

No, you should not use a power washer on your Japanese maple as it can damage the bark and leaves. Stick to hand-held tools such as pruners and saws.

What is the best tool to prune your Japanese maple?

The best tool to prune your Japanese maple is a sharp pair of pruning shears. A saw can also be used, but take care not to damage the bark or leaves.

Conclusion

Pruning your Japanese maple is an important part of maintaining its health and appearance. Follow these guidelines to ensure that your tree looks great year after year.

If you have any questions, don’t hesitate to ask a professional arborist. They will be able to help you with all of your pruning needs.